Volume 3,Issue 2
腰果酚基扩展型表面活性剂的构效关系研究
腰果酚原料经乙氧基化、丙氧基化及硫酸酯化反应制备了腰果酚基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠（BES）、腰果酚基聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯醚硫酸钠（BEPS）、腰果酚基聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠（BPES）。采用FTIR对产物结构进行表征。测定了三个系列表面活性剂的界面性质和应用性能，并分析了聚醚链结构与表面活性剂分子之间的构效关系。结果表明，随EO链长的增加，BES系列表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度（cmc）、润湿性、泡沫性、乳化性均先增大后降低；在表面活性剂分子中引入PO基团能显著降低其临界胶束浓度（最低为0.096 mmol/L），改变PO链的嵌入位置，能显著提高其乳化性能（乳化时间最高达到2500 s）；根据最终结果分析可通过在分子中适当引入PO基团来设计具备特定性能的扩展表面活性剂。此外，基于该类腰果酚基扩展型表面活性剂优异的界面活性、润湿性及乳化性，其可作为核心活性成分应用于日化洗涤剂领域，可有效降低洗涤剂体系的表面张力，增强对油污、污渍的渗透、乳化与剥离能力，尤其适用于衣物洗涤剂、餐具洗涤剂及硬表面清洗剂，在降低洗涤剂用量、提升清洁效果的同时，兼具一定的温和性，符合日化洗涤剂高效、温和、绿色的发展趋势，为其在日化领域的工业化应用提供了理论支撑与实践依据。
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