Volume 4,Issue 9
船舶撞击桥梁研究进展综述
随着国内跨江、跨海桥梁大规模建设，船舶撞击已成为桥梁垮塌、结构损伤的核心诱因之一，船撞安全是通航桥梁全生命周期运维的关键研究方向。本文系统梳理国内外桥梁船撞相关研究成果，从船撞事故统计特征、船撞风险评估方法、碰撞响应分析手段三大维度展开综述，对比各类试验、数值、理论方法的适用场景与固有缺陷。综合现有研究指出当前存在多灾害耦合机理不清、等效计算方法精度不足、防撞设计规范不完善等短板，可为通航桥梁抗撞设计与防护工程提供理论参考。
[1] JTG/T 3360-02-2020, 公路桥梁抗撞设计规范[S].
[2] 樊伟,钟正午,王君杰,等.桥梁船撞研究进展综述:事故,分析与防护[J].中国公路学报, 2024, 37(5):38-66.
[3] 刘建成,顾永宁.基于整船整桥模型的船桥碰撞数值仿真[J].工程力学, 2003, 20(5):8.
[4] 潘晋 , 张小强,许明财,等.船-桥梁浮式钢套箱碰撞数值模拟中的流场处理方法对比研究[J].振动与冲击, 2016, 35(7):7.
[5] 侯跃鹏. 桥墩在船舶撞击下的动力响应分析及防撞措施研究[D].天津大学[2026-07-10].
[6] 王君杰,耿波.桥梁船撞概率风险评估与措施[M].人民交通出版社,2010.
[7] 卞海丁,刘红平,魏进,李鹏程. 水平冲击作用下非新建桥梁桩基动力响应及损伤特性[J].中国公路学报,2024,37(5):222-333.
[8] DB43/T 3066—2024, 既有桥梁防船撞性能评估与提升设计标准[S].
[9] AASHTO. Guide Specification and Commentary for VesselCollision Design of Highway Bridges[ S]. Washington D.C: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, 1994.
[10] C. U. Kunz. Ship Bridge Collision in River Traffic, Analysis and Design Practice [C]. Ship Collision Analysis, 1998:13-21.
[11] A. C. W. M .Vrouwenvelder. Design for Ship Impact according to Eurocode 1, Part 2.7 [C]. Ship Collision Analysis, 1998:123-131.
[12] 曾鹏 . 桥墩碰撞力理论与试验研究[D]. 广东工业大学, 2013.
[13] 陈国虞 , 王礼立. 船撞桥及其防御[M]. 中国铁道出版社, 2006.
[14] Woisin G. Collision experiments of GKSS [J]. Jahrbuch SYG, 1976.
[15] Verdeveldt AW, Wevers L.J. Full scale ship collision tests[C]. Proceedings of Conference on Prediction Methodology of Tanker Structural Failure (ASIS),1992.
[16] Nakamura T, Kuroiwa T. Experimental study on failure of ship’s side structure [C]. Proceedings of MARIENV’95. Tokyo, Japan, 1995, 1:130-136.
[17] 唐长刚，王敏，杨黎明.船撞桥墩模型试验及分析[J].力学季刊，2010，(4)：478-484.
[18] Guo J, He JX. Dynamic response analysis of ship-bridge collisions experiment [J]. Journal of Zhejiang University - Science A: Applied Physics & Engineering, 2020, 21(7): 525-534.
[19] 汪宏 . 桥梁船撞数值模拟重力与浮力分析[D]. 重庆交通大学,2011.
[20] 郑植 , 耿波,董俊宏,等.不同碰撞角度下水-船-墩流固耦合数值模拟研究[J].船舶力学, 2023, 27(4):558-572.
[21] Luo G , Pan S , Zhang Y ,et al.Response Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel Hit by Submarine Based on Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics[J].Shock and Vibration, 2019.
[22] Fan W , Yuan W C .Numerical simulation and analytical modeling of pile-supported structures subjected to ship collisions including soil–structure interaction[J].Ocean Engineering, 2014, 91(nov.15):11-27.